• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    In a heat recovery system (heating system) with heat pump (10) of the flow (11) of a heat source (25) on the one hand and the return (15) of a heating circuit (13) on the other hand by a heat pump (10) associated heat exchanger system with individually controllable segments (16 ) with the result that by means of a complex control system (29) acting on the heat exchanger, the temperature of the heat source (25) - flow (11) - can be increased if necessary and also limited by heat from the heat carrier of the heating circuit (13) via return (15) and (17) and the heat exchanger system (16) before entering the heat pump (10) transferred to the heat carrier of the heat source and fed via the flow (20) of the heat pump; the temperature of the return line (15) of the heating circuit (13) is thereby reduced accordingly. This transfer of heat causes the heat pump (10) operates with a higher source temperature, at the same time by the higher at approximately constant spreading temperature of the heat carrier of the heat source in the return (12) during the heating season otherwise always decreasing source temperature at a higher Temperature level can be maintained so that thanks to the more favorable operating conditions of the heat pump this works with a much higher coefficient of performance and is thus achieved despite the additional heat demand for the heat exchanger system greater efficiency of the entire system.
    公开号:AT516313A1
    申请号:T802/2014
    申请日:2014-10-30
    公开日:2016-04-15
    发明作者:Hans-Georg Benken
    申请人:Hans-Georg Benken；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Method and device for operating heat recovery systems with heat pump and heat exchanger
    Description [0003] Heat pumps have been used in large numbers for many years for generating heat, they operate with different media as a heat source and a heating circuit as a heat sink, predominantly electrical energy is used for the operation of the heat pump.
    The efficiency of the heat pump is determined in the test field under standard conditions as a power figure, this is determined by the ratio of the applied electrical energy to the heat generated, the annual working number indicates the corresponding corresponding efficiency of the entire system under the real operating conditions occurring during the year.
    The general state of the art is known and therefore not described in detail at this point.
    During the heating season, the source temperature drops in many systems from strong, in addition comes an increasingly higher heating circuit flow temperature, resulting in a larger temperature deviation between the heat source and heat sink, with the result that the heat pump works with a significantly lower Leistungszahl and thus the Annual work rate decreases.
    In the patent application / publication DE10 2008 016 128 Al the proposal is made to insert a heat exchanger between return of the heating circuit and flow of the source and by transferring heat from the heating circuit to raise the source temperature in order to achieve favorable working points for the heat pump and Unfortunately, this idea is not goal-leading, although the coefficient of performance of the heat pump can thereby be increased, but the heat exchanger is an additional consumer in the heating circuit of the heat pump, so this must generate more heat, so that overall the efficiency of the Plant deteriorates.
    Coarse calculations show that, assuming the primary temperature increases from 6 ° to 10 ° C, the power consumption increases by as much as 15% up to 40%, depending on the type of heat consumer and the corresponding heating circuit temperatures, compared to the arrangement without heat exchanger.
    The desired increase in efficiency can not be achieved alone with the insertion of a heat exchanger. This requires further process changes that require modification of components and the introduction of additional equipment. The possible changes in the operating processes and their effects are described below using the example of the brine / water heat pump.
    The temperature of the heat source is highest towards the end of the summer, because of the climatic influences and because of the significantly lower heat demand in the summer months (usually only for domestic water heating), the source can recover, the brine temperature increases ,
    With increasing heat demand in autumn and winter, the temperature of the heat source decreases steadily by the heat extraction again. By the proposed process changes this temperature decrease is counteracted. 1010] The object of the invention is to improve the design and operation of a heat pump system so that its efficiency is increased overall.
    To achieve this object, the invention further development of the previous method, characterized by the features of claim 1. In accordance with devices according to the features of claims 4 to 13 is formed.
    The invention is based on the fact that the coefficient of performance of a heat pump can be considerably reduced under winter operating conditions. This has an enormous effect on the annual work rate, which is a measure of the efficiency of heat pump systems, because more than half of the annual heat demand must be generated in the three or four coldest months of the heating season under unfavorable operating conditions.
    An improvement can be achieved if the reduction of the source temperature during the heating period is limited by suitable measures
    Temperature level is thus largely stabilized on the source side of the heat pump. 1014) This leads to increases in efficiency of 10% and more, thus reducing power consumption considerably. In addition, there are other advantages in terms of reliability and availability of heat pump systems, because even with excessive heat extraction as in a cold snap after an extremely long winter or by incorrect design of the ground probe or a faulty calculation of the heat load freezing of the heat source and thus a total failure of the system can be prevented.
    The necessary process changes require: a heat exchanger system consisting of a heat exchanger with individual segments (or alternatively of a plurality of smaller heat exchangers suitably connected to each other), which can each be controlled individually or in groups by means of valves, as well as a complex temperature control system which acts on the heat exchanger system and switches it on when needed partially or at full power and thus increases or possibly limits the temperature of the heat source according to the respective requirements; - Not absolutely necessary, but is also an advantageous heat storage for the medium of the heat source, as this can be reali¬sieren further improvements.
    [016] The possible changes in the operating procedures can be explained by means of schematically illustrated systems or devices. It shows
    1 shows a heat pump with heat pump in conventional design (prior art),
    2 shows a heating system with heat pump and additional heat exchanger, designed for a heating circuit with radiators, according to the patent application DE10 2008 016 128 A1 (published patent application of Oct. 1, 2009),
    3 a heat pump with radiator heating circuit with additional heat exchanger with individually controllable segments for the heating of the brine and a control system acting on the heat exchanger for a fine-scale high-precision raising and limiting the brine temperature,
    4 shows a heat pump with heat exchanger with individually controllable segments and a temperature control system and a heatable storage for the medium of the heat source (brine), which is heated by solar heat or other medium and, if necessary, additionally by water circulating in an intermediate circuit, can be further heated by means of the heat exchanger,
    5 shows a heat pump with heat exchanger with individually controllable segments and a temperature control system and a heatable storage in which is preheated in a ZwischenkreisWasser as the medium of the heat source by geothermal and solar heat or other medium and when needed in the heat exchanger can be further heated
    Fig. 6 shows a heat pump according to the prior art with an additional heat exchanger as an example of the use of the residual heat after charging (display of charging and trailing phase).
    [017] The plants shown can generally be used for heat recovery by means of heat pumps of various types and for various media as a heat source, both for heating systems of different types for buildings as well as for the heat demand in commercial and industrial applications. Descriptions will be made as shown in Fig. 3 by the example of a brine / water heat pump.
    From a temperature control system (29) is switched at an adjustable below the source temperature in the flow of the heat pump (11) with entspsprechende programming a segment of the heat exchanger (16), thereby increasing over the flow (20), the temperature the primary side of the heat pump (brine inlet temperature), for example, by 1 K. With gleichbleiben¬ spreading of about 5 K on the primary side of the heat pump, the brine through the return (12) leaves the heat pump with a then about 1 K higher temperature. 1019] The source is therefore no longer cooled down so much, the brine leaves the ground probe system (25) at the next charging the heat pump already at about 1 K higher temperature and can now either via the flow (11) directly to the heat pump flow (heat exchanger is not switched on ) or, if required, again via feed line (19) to the heat exchanger (16), where it is again heated by 1 K and then fed via feed line (20) to the heat pump (10).
    In this way, the brine heat pump can be supplied with a temperature higher by 1 K or 2 K than usual, the decrease in the source temperature is thus prevented, the heat pump continues to operate under favorable operating conditions with an almost unchanged good coefficient of performance.
    Since the heat pumps must be designed so that they deliver even under win¬lichen operating conditions nor the required nominal capacity, at the higher through this process changes possible brine temperatures but a larger thermal power is available, the additional heat demand for the heat exchanger system can be applied easily Depending on the design of the system even a cheaper heat pump smaller power can be used.
    [022] If the source temperature should continue to decrease due to increased heat demand resulting in greater heat removal, compensation is possible by switching additional segments of the heat exchanger system and transferring more heat to the brine feed.
    In principle, however, that the heat transfer should be as low as possible, so that just just the otherwise occurring temperature drop of the brine is compensated because the heat consumption of the heat exchanger system is then the lowest and the efficiency of the entire system reaches the highest possible value.
    In order to be able to really exploit the efficiency increases of 10% and more that are possible with the process changes, the complex temperature control system must be able to accurately detect and reliably process the temperature values of brine flow and brine recirculation to a few tenths of a degree the individual segments of the heat exchanger can be precisely controlled and switched on, thus achieving and maintaining the temperatures set by the optimization program.
    The incorporation of a heatable storage in the system brings further advantages. For the arrangement of a memory, there are several alternatives, in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, two possibilities are exemplified.
    In the arrangement according to FIG. 4, the medium of the heat source is no longer led directly via flow (11) and (19) to the heat exchanger system (16) but into a heatable reservoir (21).
    [027] If a suitable medium such as solar heat (26) or waste heat is currently available, this can be used to heat the brine (known) and thus improve the coefficient of performance of the heat pump. However, if this heat is not available or insufficient to maintain the temperature of the brine in the heatable store (21) at the required value, then a segment of the heat exchanger system (16) is switched in via the control system (29) so that via the supply line (27) passing heated water to the reservoir (21) and heating the brine therein to the desired temperature; via the return line (28), the water then flows back to the heat exchanger (16). In this way, the brine temperature can always be kept at the optimal value by means of the temperature control system (29).
    In the arrangement according to FIG. 5, not the brine, but water as the medium of the heat source is heated in the heatable reservoir (21), supplied via the supply lines (22) and (23) to the heat pump (10) and via the return line (24 ) into the memory (21). The heating of the water in this intermediate circuit takes place in the heatable store (21) by the heat from ground probes (25) or also by solar heat (26) or another currently available medium. If required, the heat exchanger system is switched on in the manner described.
    A special feature of the arrangement shown in FIG. 5 is the possibility not only of conveying the brine during the charging process of the heat pump, but also of circulating it continuously with a low power requirement.
    [030] For both storage variants, heat is transferred via the heat exchanger system (16) only if there is an underflow of an optimum temperature of the medium of the heat source in the store (21) calculated by the control system (29). However, if heat from other media is available in excess, the heat pump (10) can certainly also be operated at a higher temperature in the primary circuit.
    Excess heat is stored respectively in the geothermal probes or in the storage in the form of the higher temperature of the medium of the heat source. However, if, for example, solar heat is no longer available in sufficient quantity, first of all the amounts of heat stored in the storage or in the ground probes are used up, the higher source temperature decreases again.
    Only then is the heat source subjected to soil and, if necessary, if the source flow temperature or the storage temperature drops too sharply, the heat exchanger system is partially or completely connected as required, as required.
    In this way, the available energies can be used most efficiently, the source temperature will largely stabilize at the high summer level, so that the heat pump systems work with a significantly higher overall efficiency than is currently possible.
    The operations possible by the process changes have been explained on the example of a brine / water heat pump. In principle, however, the method can also be applied to water / water or air / water heat pumps, but this always a memory is required so that the extracted heat from the heat exchanger system heat, which also leads to a higher temperature in the return of the medium of the heat source is not lost unused, but remains in the system in the form of a higher source temperature.
    A further advantage of a heatable accumulator results from the fact that the temperatures are gradually equalized and then fairly constant, and not only is the comparatively short time available during the charging of the heat pump for heat transfer, resulting in different temperatures at the beginning and at the end End of charging leads.
    Additional losses due to the process changes occur only when transferring heat from the heating circuit to the medium of the heat source. These losses are low, however, thanks to the high efficiency of Wärmeübertragernrecht, they also occur only in time, where appropriate requirements a small or Larger part of the heat exchanger system is switched on.
    [036] With the combination of geothermal and solar heat or other insufficiently available media you can use depending on the seasonal weather conditions the most favorable form of energy and thus achieve a very high system efficiency.
    When a heat exchanger system is inserted, it is also possible to use residual heat still contained after the end of a charging process in the heat pump itself and in the heat exchanger system and in the pipelines, thus improving the efficiency of the plant.
    For this purpose, it is only necessary that after switching off the heat pump, the heating circuit circulation pump and the brine circulating pump remain in operation and in a follow-up phase via a corresponding valve control now the Heizwasseraus from the heat pump is no longer directed into the heating circuit, but the Wärmetauscher¬system and at the same time the brine no longer from the heat exchanger to the heat pump, but via a bypass directly into the brine return line.
    This ensures that the temperature of the brine in the return to Erdsonse (or to a memory) is raised, the probe does not cool so strong, so that at an approximately constant heat flow from ground to Erdsonde the brine to next charge can assume a higher temperature than possible.
    [040] The same applies to the case in which a system with a memory in an intermediate circuit uses a different source medium or the heat pump is operated with a different source medium.
    This effect possible by a heat exchanger can also be used in a heat pump according to the prior art (Fig. 6).
    For this it is sufficient to install a small heat exchanger which can be activated after the end of a charging process between the heating circuit and the primary circuit of the heat pump and via a valve control (for example three-way valves) no longer supply the heating water to the heating circuit of the installation and to the heat exchanger, and as described above to transfer the residual heat to the primary circuit of the heat pump, so that the ground probe does not cool down as much as before.
    [043] As soon as there is no increase in the primary temperature through the heat exchanger, the follow-up phase is ended by switching off the circulation pumps. In the simplest case, this shutdown is controlled over a period of time.
    [044] The possibility of using residual heat after the end of each charging process described using the example of a brine-to-water heat pump can also be applied to heat pumps which work with another source medium and to heat pumps of other designs.
    Dr.-Ing. Hans-Georg Benken - D 38104 Braunschweig - An der Wabe 5 Reference list 10 Heat pump 11 Flow brine to heat pump 12 Return brine to ground probe system 13 Heating circuit (also for domestic water heating) 14 Flow heating circuit 15 Return heating circuit 16 Heat exchanger system (segments) 17 Supply line to heat exchanger system 18 Return line from Heat exchanger system 19 Supply brine to heat exchanger system 20 Supply brine to heat pump 21 Heatable storage (brine or water) 22 Supply water to heat exchanger system 23 Supply water to heat pump 24 Return water to storage 25 Ground probe 26 Solar system 27 Supply water to storage 28 Return water to heat exchanger system 29 Temperature control system
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [1]
    Claims 1. A method of operating a heat recovery system, in particular a heating system, using at least one heat pump (10) to supply a medium of a heat source (brine, groundwater or other media) via a source flow (11) and via a source return (12) and to the at least one consumer - heat sink - is connected, in particular a heating system, with a flow (14) connected to the heat pump (10) and a return (15), characterized in that the temperature of the medium of the heat source is controlled by means of a complex temperature control system ( 29) can be increased and also limited in small increments as needed by transferring heat from the medium of the heating circuit return (15) before entering the heat pump (10) via a heat exchanger system with individually controllable portions (16) on the medium of the heat source.
    [2]
    A method of operating a heat recovery system, in particular a heating system, using at least one heat pump (10) supplied with a medium of a heat source (brine, groundwater or other media) via a source flow (11) and via a source return (12) and to the at least a consumer - heat sink - is connected, in particular a heating system, with a to the heat pump (10) an¬schließem flow (14) and a return (15), characterized in that the temperature of the medium of the heat source before entering the heat pump (10 ) is increased by heating in a memory (21), which can be heated by any media, if necessary but also additionally by water in an intermediate circuit, which via the return (28) to the heat exchanger system (16) and there if necessary as before is described zus¬lich heated and flows via the flow (27) back into the memory (21).
    [3]
    3. A method for operating a heat recovery system, in particular a heating system, using at least one heat pump (10), the water as the medium of a heat source via a flow (23) supplied and discharged via a return (24) and to the at least one heat consumer - heat sink - connected is, in particular a heating system, with the heat pump (10) subsequent flow (14) and return (15), characterized in that the serving as a medium of the heat source water from a geothermal and any other media heated water storage (21) is removed and the Temperature of the water as previously described, if necessary in the heat exchanger can be further increased.
    [4]
    4. means for heat recovery, in particular with a heating system, using a heat pump (10), the medium of a heat source (brine, groundwater or other media) via a flow (11) fed and discharged via a return (12), wherein at the heat pump (10) a Vorlauf (14) and a return (15) connects, characterized in that near the heat pump (10) a heat exchanger system is arranged with individually controllable portions (16) through which the medium of Heizkreis¬rücklaufs (15 ), whereby heat can be extracted from the heating circuit return if necessary, and the temperature of the medium of the heat source can be increased and limited in small steps by means of a complex temperature control system, before it is supplied to the heat pump (10) via the supply line (20).
    [5]
    5. means for heat recovery, in particular with a heating system, using a heat pump (10), the medium of a heat source (brine, groundwater or other media) via a flow (11) and discharged via a return (12) is discharged, wherein the heat pump (10) is followed by a feed (14) and a return (15), characterized in that a heatable store (21) is arranged close to the heat pump (10), passing the medium of the heat source before entering the heat pump (10) is heated, as far as other media such as solar heat are available, but this memory can always be heated if necessary by flowing in a DC link water via the return (28) in the heat exchanger system (16), where it is heated as described above the flow ( 27) flows back into the memory (21).
    [6]
    6. means for heat recovery, in particular with a heating system, using a heat pump (10), the water as a medium of a heat source via a flow (23) and discharged via a return (24), wherein the heat pump (10) a feed (14) and a return (15), characterized in that a heatable water reservoir (21) located in the vicinity of the heat pump (10) serves as a heat source, which is heated by Erdwänne and any other media, the water contained therein in a Intermediate circuit via the supply lines (22) and (23) to the heat pump (10) and the return line (24) flows back to the storage, but if necessary, the near the heat pump (10) arranged heat exchanger system (16) can be switched so that the water there described further heated and then fed via the flow (23) of the heat pump.
    [7]
    7. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat exchanger (16) either consists of a system of individually controllable segments, which can be switched on by valves individually or in groups, or consists of a plurality of heat exchangers of smaller power, which in are suitably interconnected and can be switched individually or in groups.
    [8]
    Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the increase and limitation of the temperature of the medium of the heat source is effected by means of a complex temperature control system (29) which detects and processes the temperature values with high accuracy and according to an optimization program activates and switches the individual segments of the heat exchanger system accordingly, so that the temperatures in the flow and return of the heat source can be influenced and possibly also limited.
    [9]
    A device according to claim 5, characterized in that by the action of a heat exchanger system (16) via an intermediate circuit with the supply lines (27) and (28), as required, an increase in the temperature of the medium of a heat source in a heatable store (21). is reached.
    [10]
    10. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that in the region of the heat pump (10) a heatable water reservoir (21) is arranged, the water content serves as a medium of the heat source and if necessary in the heat exchanger system (16) before entering the heat pump (10) in the manner described can be additionally heated.
    [11]
    A method for operating a heat recovery system, in particular a heating system, using at least one heat pump (10), the medium of a heat source (brine, groundwater or other media) via a source supply (11) supplied and via a source return (12) is led off and to which at least one consumer - heat sink - is connected, in particular a heating system, with a feed (14) and a return (15) adjoining the heat pump (10), characterized in that, after the end of a charging process in the Wärme¬ used in the heat exchanger system and in the pipelines still residual heat is used by in a follow-up phase, the heating water over appropriate valve controls the heat exchanger system zugefuhrt and the residual heat is transferred to the primary circuit of the heat pump.
    [12]
    12. Device according to claim 11, characterized in that after the end of a charging process, the circulation pumps in the heating circuit and in the primary circuit of the heat pump continue to operate (Nachlaufjphase) and responsive valve controls the heating water is no longer directed into the heating circuit of the system, but to the heat exchanger system At the same time, the source medium heated in the heat exchanger system is no longer supplied to the heat pump, but via a bypass directly into the return line to the ground probe or to the storage and thus the return temperature of the source medium is increased.
    [13]
    13. A device according to claim 11, characterized in that in heat pumps according to the prior art additionally a small heat exchanger between the heating circuit and the primary circuit and some valves are installed and the control is formed so that the circulation pumps in the heating circuit and in the primary circuit of the heat pump each after the end of a charging process continue to remain in operation (Nachlauf¬phase), via appropriate valve controls the heating water is no longer indener the heating system, but to the heat exchanger, at the same time also heated thereby in the heat exchanger source medium then no longer to the heat pump, but via a bypass directly into the return line to the ground probe or the memory passes and so the return temperature of the source medium is increased.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    AT516313B1|2016-06-15|
    引用文献:
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    DE3129742A1|1981-07-28|1983-02-17|Bernd 8011 Neukeferloh Kellner|Arrangement for heating a building|
    WO1991002199A1|1989-07-28|1991-02-21|Leonhard Kirchmayer|Process and device for converting solar energy to heat|
    DE102007024524A1|2007-05-25|2008-11-27|Valentin Rosel|Integrated building-solar-heat pump heating- and cooling system, has heat pump plant that is effected without fluid separation from solar collector, heat pump and ground storage system and building heating and cooling body|
    DE102008016128A1|2008-03-28|2009-10-01|Aqua-Thermic Gmbh|Geothermal energy utilization method for e.g. heating of buildings, involves guiding medium coming from energy probe over heat exchanger, increasing temperature of medium, and supplying medium to heat pump with energy potential|
    DE202019101161U1|2019-02-28|2019-04-02|Hans-Georg Benken|Device for increasing a source temperature of a source of a heat pump and heat pump system with device|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102014008836.7A|DE102014008836B4|2013-11-04|2014-06-20|Method and device for operating heat recovery systems with heat pump|
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